Recurrent patellar dislocation

 

Recurrent patellar dislocation

Patellar dislocation refers to the complete displacement of the kneecap out of its normal alignment. The most common direction for dislocation is outward (laterally).

When this happens, the muscles and ligaments on the inside of the knee become overstretched and damaged.

Dislocation of the patella is primarily caused by trauma (often twisting or a direct blow) to the knee. However, there are a variety of factors which can predispose to recurrent patellar dislocation. These include:

  • History of patellar dislocation or subluxation
  • Patellofemoral joint hyperlaxity or maltracking
  • Shallow femoral groove
  • Weak inner quadriceps muscles
  • Tight lateral retinaculum .

Patellar dislocation is more common in athletic teenagers

Symptoms:

Pain and swelling, visible translation of the kneecap. Feeling of instability or giving way during weight bearing.

Diagnosis:

The clinical examination can be completed by imaging assessment (X-ray, ultra sound, ct scan and MRI)

     

Medial patellar femoral ligament rupture

 

 

Treatment:

The initial treatment will involve relocating the patella and immobilization. Physiotherapy follows 4 to 6 weeks later.
In some cases surgery may be required.

Medial Patellar Femoral Ligament Reconstruction.